In those days Mattathias, the son of John, the son of Simeon, a priest of the sons of Joarib, departed from Jerusalem, and dwelt in Modein.

And he had five sons: John, whose surname was Gaddis;

Simon, called Thassi;

Judas, who was called Maccabaeus;

Eleazar, called Avaran; and Jonathan, whose surname was Apphus.

And he saw the abominations that were committed in Judah and in Jerusalem.

And he said, Woe is me! wherefore was I born to see the destruction of my people, and the destruction of the holy city? I dwell there when it was given into the hand of the enemies, and the sanctuary into the hand of strangers.

Her temple is become as a man without glory.

Her glorious vessels are carried away into captivity, her infants are slain in the streets, her young men with the sword of the enemy.

What nation hath not taken part in her kingdom, and gotten of her spoils?

All her ornaments are taken away; she that was free is become a bondslave.

Behold, our sanctuary, our beauty and our glory, is laid waste, and the Gentiles have profaned it.

To what end therefore should we live any longer?

Then Mattathias and his sons rent their clothes, and put on sackcloth, and mourned very sore.

And the king’s officers, that compelled the people to revolt, came into the city Modein to make them sacrifice.

And many of Israel came unto them, and Mattathias and his sons were gathered together.

Then the king’s officers answered and spake to Mattathias, saying, Thou art a ruler, and an honourable and great man in this city, and strengthened with sons and brethren:

Now therefore come thou first, and fulfil the king’s commandment, like as all the nations have done, and the men of Judah, and such as remain at Jerusalem: so shalt thou and thy house be in the number of the king's friends, and thou and thy children shall be honoured with gold and silver and many rewards.

Then Mattathias answered and spake with a loud voice, Though all the nations that are under the king’s dominion obey him, and fall away every one from the religion of their fathers, and choose his commandments;

Yet will I and my sons and my brethren walk in the covenant of our fathers.

God forbid that we should forsake the law and the ordinances.

We will not hearken to the king’s words, to go from our religion, either to the right hand, or to the left.

Now when he had left off speaking these words, there came a certain Jew in the sight of all to sacrifice on the altar which was at Modein, according to the king’s commandment.

Which thing when Mattathias saw, he was incensed, and his bowels trembled, and his rage was kindled according to judgment; and he ran and slew him upon the altar.

Also the king’s officer, who compelled men to sacrifice, he killed at the same time, and pulled down the altar.

Thus zealously he dealt for the law, as Phinehas did unto Zimri the son of Salu.

And Mattathias cried throughout the city with a loud voice, saying, Whosoever is zealous for the law, and maintaineth the covenant, let him follow me.

So he and his sons fled into the mountains, and left all that they had in the city.

Then many that sought after justice and judgment went down into the wilderness, to dwell there:

Both they, and their children, and their wives, and their cattle; because afflictions increased Sore upon them.

Now when it was told the king’s officers, and the men that were in Jerusalem, in the city of David, that certain men, who had broken the king’s commandment, were gone down into the secret places in the wilderness, many pursued after them.

And they came upon them, and pitched battle against them on the Sabbath day.

And they said unto them, Let that which ye have done be enough; come forth, and do according to the commandment of the king, and live.

But they said, We will not come forth, neither will we do the king’s commandment, to profane the Sabbath day.

So then they gave them the battle with all speed.

Howbeit they answered them not, neither cast they a stone at them, nor stopped the places where they lay,

But said, Let us die all in our innocency: heaven and earth will testify for us, that ye put us to death wrongfully.

So they rose up against them in battle on the Sabbath, and they slew them, with their wives and children, and their cattle, to the number of a thousand people.

Now when Mattathias and his friends understood hereof, they mourned for them right sore.

And one of them said to another, If we all do as our brethren have done, and fight not for our lives and laws against the heathen, they will now quickly root us out of the earth.

At that time therefore they decreed, saying, Whosoever shall come to make battle with us on the Sabbath day, we will fight against him; neither will we die all, as our brethren that were murdered in the secret places.

Then came there unto him a company of Assideans, who were mighty men of Israel, even all such as were willingly devoted unto the law.

Also all they that fled for persecution joined themselves unto them, and were a stay unto them.

So they joined a mighty army, and smote the sinners in their anger, and the lawless men in their wrath: but the rest fled to the heathen for succour.

Then Mattathias and his friends went round about, and pulled down the altars.

And whatsoever children they found within the coast of Israel uncircumcised, those they circumcised valiantly.

They pursued also after the proud men, and the work prospered in their hands.

So they recovered the law out of the hand of the Gentiles, and out of the hand of kings, neither suffered they the sinner to triumph.

Now when the time drew nigh that Mattathias should die, he said unto his sons, Now hath pride and rebuke gotten strength, and the time of destruction, and the wrath of indignation:

Now, therefore, my sons, be ye zealous for the law, and give your lives for the covenant of your fathers.

Call to mind what acts our fathers did in their time; so shall ye receive great honour and an everlasting name.

Was not Abraham found faithful in temptation, and it was imputed unto him for righteousness?

Joseph in the time of his affliction kept the commandment, and was made lord of Egypt.

Phinehas our father in being zealous and fervent obtained the covenant of an everlasting priesthood.

Joshua for fulfilling the word was made a judge in Israel.

Caleb for bearing witness before the congregation received the heritage of the land.

David for his mercy obtained the throne of the kingdom for ever.

Elias for being zealous and fervent for the law was taken up into heaven.

Ananias, Azarias, and Misael, by believing, were saved out of the flame.

Daniel for his innocency was delivered from the mouth of lions.

And thus consider ye throughout all ages, that none that put their trust in him shall be overcome.

Fear not the words of a sinful man: for his glory shall be dung and worms.

To day he shall be lifted up, and to morrow he shall not be found, because he is returned into his dust, and his thought is come to nothing.

Wherefore, ye my sons, be valiant, and show yourselves men in the behalf of the law; for by it shall ye obtain glory.

And behold, your brother Simon I know to be a man of counsel; give ear unto him always, and he shall be a father unto you.

As for Judas Maccabaeus, he hath been mighty and strong even from his youth up: let him be your captain, and fight the battle of the people.

Take also unto you all those that observe the law, and avenge ye the wrong of your people.

Recompense fully the heathen, and take heed to the commandments of the law.

So he blessed them, and was gathered to his fathers.

And he died in the hundred forty and sixth year, and his sons buried him in the sepulchres of his fathers at Modein: and all Israel made great lamentation for him.